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The colonization of Porto Alegre began with the arrival of the Azores which were
brought by the Portuguese for the demarcation of the land in the region of the missões. The region was being handed over by the Spanish
government in exchange for the Colônia de Sacramento, according to an agreement made in 1750, through the Madrid Treaty. When they arrived in
Rio Grande, headquarters of the captaincy, 80 Azores were ordered to stay near Viamão to build canoes. This way they could get to the missões.
The others Azores immigrants explored the river. The Azores couples started staying in this place, which started to be called Porto de Viamão -
the just name of Porto Alegre. During 20 years they stayed in the area, living off the agriculture. They raised their clay houses and little by
little, established themselves on the land that belonged to the occupation of the missões in 1772, the village was finally separated from the
ecclesiastical jurisdiction of Viamão by pastored of Rio de Janeiro, legalizing in this way, the founding of the city of Freguesia de São
Francisco do Porto dos Casais. This name would be changed in January of the next year to Nossa Senhora da Madre de Deus de Porto Alegre. This is
how the city was bor. In the next year, the demarcation of the just streets and the construction of a church in the Alto da Praia, the actual
Praça Marechal Deodoro began. Little by little, the village started to assume the ways of a city and on July 24th, 1773, Porto Alegre became the
capital of the Captaincy. The most striking period of the city was during the Revolução Farroupilha which began in 1835 in Porto Alegre, near
the bridge of Azenha. For 10 years the city remained in the hands of the government troops but was constantly besieged by the farrapos, who
tried to isolate it. The resistance to one of the many sieges that it suffered in the period earned it the title given by the emperor as
"very loyal and valuable". After the Guerra dos Farrapos, the city retook its normal rhythm of development, always remaining in the
center of the political and social happenings of the state and country. Examples of this are the ascension of Getúlio Vargas, a gaúcho
politician that became a mark in the national history, and the movement of the legality, maintained by the Brizola government in the beginning
of the incidents that led to the military overthrow in 1964. |
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